United States
In the , automotive insurance covering for injuries and property damage is compulsory in most states, but different states enforce the insurance requirement differently. In , where insurance is not compulsory, residents must pay the state a $500 annual fee per vehicle if they choose not to buy liability insurance. Penalties for not purchasing insurance vary by state, but often include a substantial fine, license and/or registration suspension or revocation, and possible jail time. Usually, the minimum required by law is third party insurance to protect third parties against the financial consequences of loss, damage or injury caused by a vehicle.
and have enacted "Personal Responsibility Acts" which put further pressure on all drivers to carry liability insurance by preventing uninsured drivers from recovering non economic damages (e.g. compensation for "pain and suffering") if they are injured in any way while operating a motor vehicle.
Some states, such as , require that a driver hold liability insurance before a license can be issued.
Some states require that insurance be carried in the car at all times, while others do not enforce this law. For example, does not specify that you must carry proof of insurance in the vehicle; however, does state that you must have that information to trade with another driver in the event of an accident.
Department of Transportation Research Project Manager John Semmens has recommended that car insurers issue license plates and be held responsible for the full cost of injuries and property damage caused by their licensees under the . Plates would expire at the end of the insurance coverage period, and licensees would need to return their plates to their insurance office to receive a refund on their premiums. Vehicles driving without insurance would thus be easy to spot because they would not have license plates, or the plates would be past the marked expiration date.
A recent study linked an increase in food stamp use to insurance premiums.
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